Principles-of-Management Exam Dumps - PDF Questions and Testing Engine
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NEW QUESTION # 22
A manager must choose between two qualified candidates for a promotion and must consider equal employment opportunity law. Which characteristics may the manager use to make the decision? Choose 1 answer
- A. Disability status
- B. Religion
- C. Fitness level
- D. Age
Answer: C
Explanation:
When considering equal employment opportunity law for a promotion decision, characteristics such as fitness level can be used, provided they are relevant to the job requirements. Characteristics like religion, disability status, and age are protected under EEO laws and cannot be used as criteria for employment decisions. Fitness level, however, can be considered if it is a bona fide occupational qualification necessary for the performance of the job.
NEW QUESTION # 23
What is a core job dimension described in the Hackman and Oldham model of job design? Choose 1 answer
- A. Compensation
- B. Autonomy
- C. Networking
- D. Quality
Answer: B
Explanation:
A core job dimension in the Hackman and Oldham model of job design is autonomy.
* Autonomy(Answer B): This refers to the degree to which a job gives an employee the freedom, independence, and discretion to schedule work and determine the procedures for carrying it out. It is a critical aspect that influences motivation and job satisfaction.
* Compensation(Answer A) andNetworking(Answer D): These are not part of the core job dimensions in the Hackman and Oldham model.
NEW QUESTION # 24
Entrepreneurs who want to start a new business need to understand the level of risk and both dimensions.
What do entrepreneurs use to assess levels of risk and innovation?
Choose 1 answer
involved in establishing a new venture and must then decide if they are comfortable with
- A. Innovation creation diagram
- B. Collaboration tracking matrix
- C. Entrepreneurial strategy matrix
- D. Entrepreneurial loss function diagram
Answer: C
Explanation:
Entrepreneurs who want to start a new business need to assess levels of risk and innovation involved in establishing a new venture. The tool commonly used to assess these dimensions is the Entrepreneurial Strategy Matrix.
* Entrepreneurial Strategy Matrix(Answer D): This matrix helps entrepreneurs evaluate their business ideas by plotting the level of innovation (low to high) against the level of risk (low to high). This analysis aids in understanding the feasibility and potential success of the new venture by identifying which strategies are likely to succeed given the level of risk and innovation involved.
* Collaboration Tracking Matrix(Answer A) andInnovation Creation Diagram(Answer B): These are not standard tools used to assess risk and innovation in entrepreneurship as described in the textbook.
* Entrepreneurial Loss Function Diagram(Answer C): This is not a recognized tool for assessing risk and innovation in entrepreneurial ventures as per the principles of management.
NEW QUESTION # 25
In which situation would it be reasonable for an employer to accommodate the needs of a worker with a disability? Choose 1 answer
- A. Providing a list of accommodations that the company is willing to make available to all potential employees
- B. Providing a germ-free environment for a worker participating in a bone marrow transplant program
- C. Providing a Braille keyboard for a worker who is visually impaired
- D. Providing an environment for a mentally ill worker where the worker does not have to interact with others
Answer: C
Explanation:
It is reasonable for an employer to accommodate the needs of a worker with a disability by providing a Braille keyboard for a worker who is visually impaired. This accommodation helps the employee perform essential job functions and is considered a reasonable adjustment under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), which requires employers to make accommodations that do not impose undue hardship on the operation of the business.
NEW QUESTION # 26
What is a Benefit of a boundaryless organization? Choose 1 answer
- A. Employees are free to apply for other positions.
- B. Employees are allowed to form a union.
- C. Employees have access to all buildings.
- D. Employees may express their opinions freely.
Answer: D
Explanation:
A benefit of a boundaryless organization is that employees may express their opinions freely. Boundaryless organizations eliminate traditional barriers between departments and hierarchical levels, fostering open communication, collaboration, and a free flow of information across the organization. This openness encourages employees to share their ideas and opinions without fear of repercussions, enhancing innovation and problem-solving.
NEW QUESTION # 27
What is a common consideration for starting a new business venture? Choose 1 answer
- A. Right opportunity
- B. Technical understanding
- C. Access to information
- D. System changes
Answer: A
Explanation:
A common consideration for starting a new business venture is finding the right opportunity. This involves identifying a viable market need or problem that the new business can address effectively. It also includes evaluating the feasibility, potential profitability, and personal fit of the business idea. Entrepreneurs must thoroughly assess opportunities to ensure that their venture can achieve success and sustainability.
NEW QUESTION # 28
The director of human resources for a start-up company is reviewing staffing needs and has discovered a labor deficit. How can the director use strategic human resource planning in this situation? Choose 1 answer
- A. Plan to reduce turnover through nonfinancial rewards
- B. Reconcile employee supply and demand
- C. Implement employee conflict resolution system
- D. Establish strategic goals for improvement of manufacturing performance
Answer: B
Explanation:
In strategic human resource planning, reconciling employee supply and demand is crucial when addressing a labor deficit. This involves analyzing the current workforce, predicting future staffing needs, and developing plans to ensure the organization has the right number of employees with the appropriate skills.
* Reconcile Employee Supply and Demand(Answer C): This process involves assessing the current workforce, forecasting future needs, and developing strategies to meet those needs. It ensures that the organization can meet its strategic goals by having the right people in the right places at the right times.
* Plan to Reduce Turnover Through Nonfinancial Rewards(Answer A) andImplement Employee Conflict Resolution System(Answer B): While important for employee retention and workplace harmony, these do not directly address the immediate issue of a labor deficit.
* Establish Strategic Goals for Improvement of Manufacturing Performance(Answer D): This is relevant to overall strategic planning but not specific to addressing a labor deficit.
NEW QUESTION # 29
In which situation does religious preference inappropriately affect decision making? Choose 1 answer
- A. An individual follows religious dietary restrictions while at work regardless of the religious beliefs of others.
- B. A real estate agent uses her religious background as a basis for accepting bids on property that is for sale.
- C. A manager refuses to participate in an event that conflicts with the manager's personal religious beliefs.
- D. A company allows two days off per year for religious celebrations to all employees regardless of religious affiliation.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Religious preference inappropriately affects decision making when a real estate agent uses her religious background as a basis for accepting bids on property that is for sale. This situation reflects discrimination and bias, as decisions are being influenced by personal religious beliefs rather than objective criteria. Such actions can lead to unethical practices and violate principles of fair treatment and equality.
NEW QUESTION # 30
When developing a qualify management system, which step involves answering the question, "If you were the customer, how would you like us to operate?" Choose 1 answer
- A. Customerization
- B. Reengineering
- C. Downsizing
- D. Benchmarking
Answer: A
Explanation:
When developing a quality management system, the step that involves answering the question, "If you were the customer, how would you like us to operate?" is known ascustomerization. This process is focused on tailoring and personalizing the customer experience to meet individual needs and preferences, thus ensuring that the company's operations align closely with customer expectations and desires. By prioritizing the customer's perspective, businesses can enhance satisfaction and loyalty, which are critical components of an effective quality management system.
NEW QUESTION # 31
What isa clear and concise statement ofthe basic purpose of an organization? Choose 1 answer
- A. Its objective
- B. Its goal
- C. Its mission
- D. Its vision
Answer: C
Explanation:
A clear and concise statement of the basic purpose of an organization is its mission. A mission statement provides a broad description of how the organization intends to achieve its vision. It specifies the organization's reason for being and answers the question, "What business(es) should we undertake?".
In the textbook "Principles of Management," a mission statement is defined as a broad description of how a firm will try to make its vision a reality, often describing the products and services the company plans to offer and the customers it plans to serve. This differentiates it from a vision statement, which is more general and focuses on what the business aspires to become in the future.
NEW QUESTION # 32
What describes a value chain? Choose 1 answer
- A. It is the internal strengths and weaknesses of an organization.
- B. It flows from raw materials to the delivery of products or services.
- C. It creates a focus for organizational downsizing.
- D. It allows an organization to manage diversity in multiple markets.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The value chain describes the full range of activities that businesses go through to bring a product or service from conception to delivery and beyond. The concept was popularized by Michael Porter in his 1985 book
"Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance."
* Definition and Scope: A value chain encompasses all the processes involved in the creation of a product or service. This includes:
* Sourcing raw materials.
* Production processes.
* Marketing and sales.
* Distribution and delivery.
* Customer service post-delivery.
* Primary Activities:
* Inbound Logistics: Receiving, storing, and disseminating inputs of the product.
* Operations: Transforming inputs into the final product.
* Outbound Logistics: Collecting, storing, and distributing the product to customers.
* Marketing and Sales: Persuading customers to purchase the product.
* Services: Activities that maintain and enhance the product's value, such as customer service.
* Support Activities:
* Procurement: Acquiring the resources a company needs to operate.
* Technology Development: Research and development, IT, automation, etc.
* Human Resource Management: Recruiting, hiring, training, and retaining workers.
* Firm Infrastructure: Organizational structure, control systems, company culture, etc.
* Example of Value Chain: The textbook provides an example of Walmart's value chain to illustrate how a company adds value at each step of the process, from procurement to delivery.
* Importance: Understanding and optimizing the value chain allows companies to identify where they can add value, reduce costs, and gain competitive advantage. Companies can use this analysis to find opportunities for improvement, innovation, and efficiency in their processes.
NEW QUESTION # 33
An executive arrived in a country and was instructed to take the "lift" to the second floor. The executive did not understand the meaning of "lift." Which type of cross-cultural communication barrier is this? Choose 1 answer
- A. Barrier caused by differences among perceptions
- B. Barrier caused by relativism
- C. Barrier caused by semantics
- D. Barrier caused by tone differences
Answer: C
Explanation:
The type of cross-cultural communication barrier experienced by the executive who did not understand the meaning of "lift" is a barrier caused by semantics. Semantics barriers arise from differences in the meaning of words and phrases used in different cultures or regions. In this case, "lift" is a British English term for what is known as an "elevator" in American English, leading to confusion.
NEW QUESTION # 34
Equal employment opportunity laws were designed to ensure that people are considered for employment without regard to certain traits. Which traits are protected by these laws? Choose 1 answer
- A. Criminal record, race, and gender
- B. Race, religion, and abilities
- C. Race, religion, and ethnic background
- D. National origin, race, and education
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 35
Which stage ofthe conflict process is considered a distinct stage because of its importance in intervening between perceptions or emotions and overt behavior? Choose 1 answer
- A. Opposition
- B. Intentions
- C. Outcomes
- D. Cognition
Answer: B
Explanation:
The stage of the conflict process considered distinct because of its importance in intervening between perceptions or emotions and overt behavior is intentions. Intentions reflect how an individual plans to behave in a conflict situation, mediating the transition from perception and feelings to actions. This stage is crucial as it involves decisions about how to approach the conflict, whether to compete, collaborate, avoid, accommodate, or compromise.
NEW QUESTION # 36
What is a feature ofa bureaucracy (vertical) organization? Choose 1 answer
- A. Formal position authority is generally the primary means of running the organization.
- B. Employees focus primarily on collaborating across departments and with frequent meetings.
- C. Decision making is decentralized so a considerable amount of information is communicated informally.
- D. Employees must answer to two or more bosses and prioritize demands across departments.
Answer: A
Explanation:
A feature of a bureaucracy (vertical) organization is that formal position authority is generally the primary means of running the organization. This means that decisions and directives come from a hierarchical chain of command, and roles, responsibilities, and processes are clearly defined and standardized.
* Formal Position Authority(Answer B): Bureaucratic organizations rely on a clear hierarchy where authority and decision-making processes are well-defined and based on formal positions.
* Decentralized Decision Making(Answer A),Collaboration Across Departments(Answer C), andAnswering to Multiple Bosses(Answer D): These features are more characteristic of organic or matrix organizations rather than traditional bureaucracies.
NEW QUESTION # 37
What is the activity called when a corporate project team is created to develop a new product? Choose 1 answer
- A. Venture capitalism
- B. Intrapreneurship
- C. Benchmarking
- D. Competitive innovation
Answer: B
Explanation:
The activity of creating a corporate project team to develop a new product is called intrapreneurship.
Intrapreneurship refers to the practice of fostering innovation and entrepreneurial skills within an organization by allowing employees to act like entrepreneurs while working within the company. This approach encourages the development of new products and services and enhances organizational growth.
NEW QUESTION # 38
Which organizational concept best describes a manager assigning tasks to various employees? Choose 1 answer
- A. Division of labor
- B. Integration
- C. Teamwork
- D. Segmentation
Answer: A
Explanation:
The organizational concept that best describes a manager assigning tasks to various employees is the division of labor. This concept involves breaking down work into specialized tasks that different workers or groups perform. It aims to increase efficiency and productivity by allowing employees to focus on specific functions where they can develop expertise.
* Division of Labor(Answer C): This refers to the assignment of different tasks to different employees, allowing for specialization and increased efficiency in the workplace.
* Segmentation(Answer A),Teamwork(Answer B), andIntegration(Answer D): These concepts relate to different aspects of organizational structure and functioning but do not specifically describe the assignment of tasks to employees.
NEW QUESTION # 39
What is the most common way for entrepreneurs to finance a start-up business? Choose 1 answer
- A. Initial public offering
- B. Personal funds
- C. SBA loan
- D. Venture capital
Answer: B
Explanation:
The most common way for entrepreneurs to finance a start-up business is by using personal funds.
* Personal Funds(Answer C): Many entrepreneurs begin their ventures by using their own savings or personal resources. This is often the most accessible form of financing and does not require external approval or incur debt.
* SBA Loan(Answer A) andVenture Capital(Answer B): These are common sources of financing, but they are less frequently used than personal funds, especially in the initial stages of a start-up.
* Initial Public Offering(Answer D): This is a method of raising capital typically used by established
* businesses rather than start-ups.
NEW QUESTION # 40
Why might a company choose to adopt an organic structure instead of a mechanistic structure? Choose 1 answer
- A. It is more stable than a bureaucracy.
- B. It is efficient and controlled in a stable environment.
- C. It is less rigid and emphasizes flexibility.
- D. It has formal lines of authority.
Answer: C
Explanation:
A company might choose to adopt an organic structure instead of a mechanistic structure because it is less rigid and emphasizes flexibility. Organic structures are characterized by low levels of formalization and standardization, decentralized decision-making, and a greater degree of employee empowerment. This flexibility allows the organization to adapt quickly to changes in the environment, fostering creativity and innovation.
NEW QUESTION # 41
What is the last step in strategic planning? Choose 1 answer
- A. Strategic control
- B. Strategy formulation
- C. SWOT analysis
- D. Goal setting
Answer: A
Explanation:
The last step in the strategic planning process is strategic control. This involves monitoring and evaluating the execution of the strategic plan to ensure that the organization is achieving its objectives and making necessary adjustments.
* Strategic Management Process:
* The strategic management process includes developing the firm's vision and mission, strategic analysis, setting objectives, creating and implementing strategies, and finally, measuring and evaluating performance.
* Strategic control is the step where managers assess whether the strategies and plans are being effectively implemented and whether they are leading the organization towards its goals.
* Purpose of Strategic Control:
* It ensures that the organization is moving in the right direction and that the strategic plans are yielding the desired outcomes.
* It involves setting performance standards, measuring actual performance, comparing it with the standards, and taking corrective actions if necessary.
* Components of Strategic Control:
* Performance Measurement: This involves tracking the progress of strategy implementation through key performance indicators (KPIs).
* Feedback and Adjustment: Based on performance data, managers provide feedback and make adjustments to strategies to address any deviations from the planned objectives.
NEW QUESTION # 42
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